2024-03-29T18:10:35Z
https://amj.uoanbar.edu.iq/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=13707
Al- Anbar Medical Journal
amj
2706-6207
2706-6207
2020
16
1
Smell and Taste Abnormalities due to COVID-19
Raid
M. Al-Any
The COVID-19 infection is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and it is considered by the WHO as a pandemic disease since February 2020. It is still an evolving disease, with new symptoms being discovered as time progress. A peculiar and interesting symptoms that has been frequently investigated by researchers across the globe are anosmia (loss of smell) and ageusia (loss of taste), as some subjects complain of diminution in the sense of smell and taste. Moreover, these symptoms may be the only or first clinical findings of the disease. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to isolate at home the individuals with recent smell and taste abnormalities (STA) without any other features of COVID-19 to prevent the transmission of the infection to healthy people [1].
Smell
Taste
COVID-19
2020
06
01
1
2
https://amj.uoanbar.edu.iq/article_170924_190de8a4f923be318cb7f54f8c9af671.pdf
Al- Anbar Medical Journal
amj
2706-6207
2706-6207
2020
16
1
Application of Ultrasound Classification of Hepatic Hydatid Cyst in Iraqi Population
Inas
M. Al-Ani
Mudhaffar
B. Mahdi
Ghassan
M. Khalaf
Background: Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is an endemic disease in Iraq. Its classification is crucial for proper management. Objectives: To apply ultrasound study in classifying hepatic hydatid cyst disease in the Iraqi population, which is essential in treatment planning. Materials and Methods: This prospective study conducted during a period from March 2017 to March 2018, in the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital/ Medical City/ Baghdad. A total of 100 patients with a diagnosis of hydatid cyst by ultrasound were followed-up after surgery and histopathology were proved hydatid cyst. Their age range was 10-79 years (mean age 32 ± 12.5), female to male ratio 1.6:1. The standardized WHO classification of CE was used in this study. Results: CE class I was noticing in (35%), class II (35%), class III (17%), class IV (7%), and class V (6%). Conclusion: WHO ultrasound classification of hepatic hydatid cyst becomes more popular and preferable than other classifications. CE class I and II were the most common classes in the Iraqi population. We strongly advise to use this classification in clinical practice and scientific researches.
WHO
ultrasound
Classification
Hydatid cyst
liver
2020
06
01
3
7
https://amj.uoanbar.edu.iq/article_170928_7f67d8602110ad19db3d622ae6d254db.pdf
Al- Anbar Medical Journal
amj
2706-6207
2706-6207
2020
16
1
Incidence of Rota Virus Gastroenteritis among Vaccinated and Non-vaccinated Children Less Than Two Years Old in Ramadi City, Iraq
Muneam
A. Ayyed
Mohsen
F. Al-Dulaim
Rafi
K. Al-Ani
Saleem
O. G. Al-Mawla
Background: Acute gastroenteritis is a major cause of health problem among children in undeveloped countries, where the rotavirus is the most widely recognized etiology. Objectives: This study aimed to find out the incidence of rotavirus in diarrheal children less than two years of age in both vaccinated and non-vaccinated children with rotavirus vaccine. Also to determine some risk factors associated with this disease. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for 6 months, from the first of June 2018 to the first of December 2018. Six hundred child less than two years old with acute gastroenteritis was included in the study. Stool tests were sent to the lab for identification of rotavirus antigen using the ELISA technique in the stool. Stool samples belong to 300 cases of vaccinated children with the rota vaccine and the other 300 cases belong to non-vaccinated children. A questionnaire data form regarding age, gender, maternal education, residence and type of feeding was taken from each infected child. Results: Out of a total of 600 stool samples of children with acute gastroenteritis, rotavirus was detected in 192 (32%) samples. Among 300 non-vaccinated patients, 123 (41%) were rotavirus positive, and among other 300 vaccinated patients 69 (23%) were rotavirus positive. The majority of cases were reported in the age group 6-12 months. Bottle-feeding and mothers of the low educational level were found to increase the incidence of rotavirus infection. Conclusion: Incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis was predominant in diarrheal children. Vaccination with the rotavirus vaccine decreases the rotavirus gastroenteritis in diarrheal children.
Rotavirus
Diarrhea
Incidence
children
Vaccine
2020
06
01
8
11
https://amj.uoanbar.edu.iq/article_170932_cdff37a2b95b1d736a0a80ee6b2cd323.pdf
Al- Anbar Medical Journal
amj
2706-6207
2706-6207
2020
16
1
Incidence of Typhoid Fever and the Validity of the Widal Test in Some Districts in Iraq
Mousa
A. Shubbar
Shakir
M. Zighar
Background: Typhoid fever is a serious infectious disease. In Iraq, the disease has a public health burden because it’s endemicity and there is an overestimation of the cases because the diagnosis almost depends on the Widal test. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the occurrence of typhoid fever in four sentinel sites in Iraq and to assess Widal test sensitivity and specificity. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study conducted in four districts in Iraq which has a population ranging from 170 000 to 431 000. A consecutive sample of (757) patients attended the outpatient or admitted to hospitals. Any Widal positive case, probable typhoid case and suspected typhoid case were included in the study. A questionnaire including demographic, clinical, laboratory and exposure data was filled for each suspected case. Confirmation of the diagnosis of typhoid fever was done by serological examination and culture (blood, urine or feces) for each patient included in the study. Results: The occurrence of typhoid fever (per 100 000 population) was 34, 9.4, 3.5, 0 in Al-Haweeja, Al-Hay, Al-Majar, and North Najaf districts respectively and this occurrence was lower in three study districts when compared with the same period of 2010 and 2011. The mean of the age of cases was 25.8 years ±16.03 and the male to female ratio of confirmed cases was 0.7:1. Also, this study showed that the sensitivity of the Widal test was 16.7% and the specificity was 36.2% when compared with culture results. Conclusions: The incidence rate of typhoid fever was low in the four selected sites except for the Al-Haweeja district. The sensitivity and specificity of the Widal test were low.
Incidence
Typhoid fever
Widal test
Iraq
2020
06
01
12
16
https://amj.uoanbar.edu.iq/article_170935_019f937fe13e6e87d00f1370a86f0e54.pdf
Al- Anbar Medical Journal
amj
2706-6207
2706-6207
2020
16
1
Application of 40% Trichloroacetic Acid in the Treatment for Recurrent Genital Herpes
Dawood
S. Idan
Background: Genital herpes is one of the common sexually transmitted diseases affect more than 400,000,000 individuals worldwide. The disease characterized by relapse and remission courses and caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2. However, satisfactory curative agents are still unavailable. Objectives: This study intends to evaluate the benefit of 40% Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in the management of recurrent genital herpes lesions of the external male genitalia and to detect the recurrence rate during this therapeutic regimen. Materials and Methods: The study extended between 1998 to 2017 and totally, 175 patients with active disease were treated by oral administration of acyclovir 400mg 5 times per day for 5 days. Only 99 patients were followed up for one year and enrolled in the study. After 2 weeks, the recurrent cases were subjected to the chemicals peeling using topical application of 40% TCA at the site of reactivation. Results: The most affected age group was 40-50 years (n=45, 45.45%). The neck of the penis was the most affected site (n=56, 56.57%). Forty patients had only one recurrence during a one-year follow-up after treatment with 40% TCA. Conclusion: This study approved the clinical effectiveness of the topical application of 40 % TCA in reducing the recurrence rate of the genital herpes lesions. We recommend using this chemical peeling method in the treatment of patients with genital herpes.
Recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (RGHSV)
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
Acyclovir (ACV)
2020
06
01
17
20
https://amj.uoanbar.edu.iq/article_170939_9ba1fb6e1ee1187c48dca41d9c80d1d9.pdf
Al- Anbar Medical Journal
amj
2706-6207
2706-6207
2020
16
1
Cystic Hygroma of the Spermatic Cord: A Case Report
Omar
A. Ajaj
A lymphatic malformation is usually present at birth but can manifest at any age. The most common location sites are the neck (75%), axilla (20%), While, one of the unusual sites is the scrotum. To avoid misdiagnosis of cystic swellings in the inguinoscrotal area, Cystic Hygroma should be considered in the differential diagnosis. We reported a case of a 3-years-old male child presented to the pediatric clinic surgery with a painless lump in the right inguinoscrotal area of 2-years duration. On the ultrasound imaging, there was a large inguinoscrotal cystic swelling containing clear fluid. The mass was excised under general anesthesia through an inguinal incision. Intra-operative macroscopic examination and the histopathological result of this mass disclosed it as a Cystic Hygroma located in the spermatic cord. After 6-months of follow up no recurrence were detected.
Spermatic cord
Cystic Hygroma
Lymphatic malformation
2020
06
01
21
23
https://amj.uoanbar.edu.iq/article_170942_e619b2d8ed11e1dfa26af08e60119a76.pdf
Al- Anbar Medical Journal
amj
2706-6207
2706-6207
2020
16
1
Para-median Forehead Flap for Nasal Reconstruction
Mohammed
J. Alfeehan
A 24-year-old male presents to the Emergency Department with nasal tip and nasal dorsum soft tissue triangular injury after motor vehicle accident for 2-hours duration. The injury was full thickness with exposed cartilage as shown in (Panel A and B). There were no other associated injuries. With these injuries, the best option for reconstruction is a regional flap. The optimal regional flap is a para-median forehead flap. The forehead skin has the same color, thickness, and texture of the nasal tip lobule. The main pedicle of the flap is the supratrochlear artery (Panel C and D). The procedure was done in two stages; the first stage consists of flap elevation under general anesthesia and interpolated to defect and the flap was fixed in place by 5/0 Prolene, and the donor site sutured at the same time. After 21 days the flap was separated as a second stage. Nasal reconstruction aims to gain a normal esthetic appearance and nasal function. Although para-median forehead flap achieves these two goals in the majority of patients, it carries some functional problems like nasal obstruction, crustation, dryness of the nose, snoring, epistaxis, smell and voice abnormalities in the minority of them. At one-year follow-up, the patient was satisfied with the result of the operation, both functionally and aesthetically (Panel E and F).
Para-median
Forehead Flap
Nasal Reconstruction
2020
06
01
24
24
https://amj.uoanbar.edu.iq/article_170944_cbb754e1954715618db555df3ef1e684.pdf