Histological and Biochemical Evaluation of the Effect of Desloratadine Drug in Parotid Gland Tissues
Al- Anbar Medical Journal,
2021, Volume 17, Issue 2, Pages 72-77
Abstract
Background: The functional deterioration of salivary glands is a consequence of a wide range offactors and significantly interfered with life quality. Desloratadine (an antihistamine) is among thedrugs listed to cause dry mouth; however, its effect on major salivary gland tissues has not beenwell studied.Objectives: To evaluate the effects of desloratadine treatment on parotid gland tissues, histologicalfeatures, and their impact on serum oxidative and antioxidant markers.Materials and methods: Thirty rats were used in this study. They were divided into three groups(each containing ten rats). Group A: control rats. Group B and C have received desloratadineat dose 0.142 and 0.245 mg/kg of body weight respectively for three weeks. After three weeks,serum levels of sialic acid, malondialdehyde, catalase, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase,creatin kinase, and glutathione were estimated for three groups. Then, animals were sacrificedand five µm formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections were prepared routinely from parotidglands for histological evaluation under light microscope.Results: The histological evaluation of salivary gland tissues in both treated-groups was revealeda remarkable cytoplasmic vacuolization, atrophy, and degranulation in acinic cells. The serousacinar cells were showed autolysis and nuclear changes (pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis).There was an increase in the interstitial spaces between each parenchymal element associatedwith few mononuclear cell infiltrations. The intra-lobular ducts were reduced in size and wereindistinct throughout lobes. The severe changes were associated with higher desloratadine dose.Regarding biochemical analysis, the treated-groups had significantly increased serum levels ofmalondialdehyde, sialic acid, lactate dehydrogenase and creatin kinase, and significantly reducedserum levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione.Conclusion: Desloratadine administration produces noticeable histological changes in a dosedependent manner associated with increased oxidative stress markers and decreased antioxidativeactivity.1] M. W. J. Dodds, D. A. Johnson, and C.-K. Yeh. Health
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